# liblouis: Coptic Braille Table, 6-Dot #-index-name: Coptic #-display-name: Coptic braille #+language: cop #+type: literary #+dots: 6 #+direction: forward #-updated: 2025-02-13 #-author: Eric J. Harvey <eric@blindscholar.com> #-maintainer: Eric J. Harvey <eric@blindscholar.com> # Copyright (C) 2025 by Eric J. Harvey <eric@blindscholar.com> #-license: LGPLv2.1 # # This file is part of liblouis. # # liblouis is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it # under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as # published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the # License, or (at your option) any later version. # # liblouis is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but # WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU # Lesser General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public # License along with liblouis. If not, see # <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. ## About Coptic Braille: # # Coptic is the final language in the indigenous Egyptian language # family and was spoken and written as a living language in Upper # Egypt from around 300 CE to 1000 CE. Unlike prior Egyptian # languages, Coptic was written using an alphabet. The Coptic # alphabet includes versions of each letter from the Greek # alphabet plus eight additional letters derived from Demotic # script. # # Today, Coptic is used for the study of ancient manuscripts # as well as for the liturgy of the Coptic church. This table # is intended primarily for ancient Coptic. It is based on a system # developed by Daniel C. Smith, Sarah Blake LaRose, # Matthew Yeater, and Ray McAllister. # Documentation of this code can be found in the .brf transcription of # Layton, Bentley. Coptic in 20 Lessons: An Introduction to Sahidic # Coptic with Vocabularies and Lessons. Leuven: Peeters. 2007. # See also Daniel C. Smith and Sarah Blake LaRose, “Expanding the # World of Biblical Studies to Scholars who are Blind: Creation # and Implementation of a Coptic Braille System.” Near Eastern # Archaeology 87 (2024): 132–136. # For convenience, the spec is reproduced in # https://github.com/liblouis/braille-specs/coptic/ include braille-patterns.cti # Unicode braille. # Spaces include spaces.uti # Coptic Letters (Standard Forms) uppercase Ⲁ 1 # CAPITAL LETTER ALFA uppercase Ⲃ 12 # CAPITAL LETTER VIDA uppercase Ⲅ 1245 # CAPITAL LETTER GAMMA uppercase Ⲇ 145 # CAPITAL LETTER DALDA uppercase Ⲉ 15 # CAPITAL LETTER EIE uppercase Ⲋ 456-1236 # CAPITAL LETTER SOU uppercase Ⲍ 1356 # CAPITAL LETTER ZATA uppercase Ⲏ 156 # CAPITAL LETTER HATE uppercase Ⲑ 1456 # CAPITAL LETTER THETHE uppercase Ⲓ 24 # CAPITAL LETTER IAUDA uppercase Ⲕ 13 # CAPITAL LETTER KAPA uppercase Ⲗ 123 # CAPITAL LETTER LAULA uppercase Ⲙ 134 # CAPITAL LETTER MI uppercase Ⲛ 1345 # CAPITAL LETTER NI uppercase Ⲝ 1346 # CAPITAL LETTER KSI uppercase Ⲟ 135 # CAPITAL LETTER O uppercase Ⲡ 1234 # CAPITAL LETTER PI uppercase Ⲣ 1235 # CAPITAL LETTER RO uppercase Ⲥ 234 # CAPITAL LETTER SIMA uppercase Ⲧ 2345 # CAPITAL LETTER TAU uppercase Ⲩ 136 # CAPITAL LETTER UA uppercase Ⲫ 124 # CAPITAL LETTER FI uppercase Ⲭ 12346 # CAPITAL LETTER KHI uppercase Ⲯ 13456 # CAPITAL LETTER PSI uppercase Ⲱ 2456 # CAPITAL LETTER OOU uppercase Ϣ 146 # CAPITAL LETTER SHEI uppercase Ϥ 1246 # CAPITAL LETTER FEI uppercase Ϧ 16 # CAPITAL LETTER KHEI uppercase Ϩ 125 # CAPITAL LETTER HORI uppercase Ϫ 245 # CAPITAL LETTER GANGIA uppercase Ϭ 126 # CAPITAL LETTER SHIMA uppercase Ϯ 1256 # CAPITAL LETTER DEI lowercase ⲁ 1 # SMALL LETTER ALFA lowercase ⲃ 12 # SMALL LETTER VIDA lowercase ⲅ 1245 # SMALL LETTER GAMMA lowercase ⲇ 145 # SMALL LETTER DALDA lowercase ⲉ 15 # SMALL LETTER EIE lowercase ⲋ 456-1236 # SMALL LETTER SOU lowercase ⲍ 1356 # SMALL LETTER ZATA lowercase ⲏ 156 # SMALL LETTER HATE lowercase ⲑ 1456 # SMALL LETTER THETHE lowercase ⲓ 24 # SMALL LETTER IAUDA lowercase ⲕ 13 # SMALL LETTER KAPA lowercase ⲗ 123 # SMALL LETTER LAULA lowercase ⲙ 134 # SMALL LETTER MI lowercase ⲛ 1345 # SMALL LETTER NI lowercase ⲝ 1346 # SMALL LETTER KSI lowercase ⲟ 135 # SMALL LETTER O lowercase ⲡ 1234 # SMALL LETTER PI lowercase ⲣ 1235 # SMALL LETTER RO lowercase ⲥ 234 # SMALL LETTER SIMA lowercase ⲧ 2345 # SMALL LETTER TAU lowercase ⲩ 136 # SMALL LETTER UA lowercase ⲫ 124 # SMALL LETTER FI lowercase ⲭ 12346 # SMALL LETTER KHI lowercase ⲯ 13456 # SMALL LETTER PSI lowercase ⲱ 2456 # SMALL LETTER OOU lowercase ϣ 146 # SMALL LETTER SHEI lowercase ϥ 1246 # SMALL LETTER FEI lowercase ϧ 16 # SMALL LETTER KHEI lowercase ϩ 125 # SMALL LETTER HORI lowercase ϫ 245 # SMALL LETTER GANGIA lowercase ϭ 126 # SMALL LETTER SHIMA lowercase ϯ 1256 # SMALL LETTER DEI # Coptic Letters - alternative forms noback uppercase Ⳃ 146 # CAPITAL LETTER CROSSED SHEI noback uppercase Ⳉ 16 # CAPITAL LETTER AKHMIMIC KHEI noback uppercase Ⳳ 16 # CAPITAL LETTER BOHAIRIC KHEI noback lowercase ⳃ 146 # SMALL LETTER CROSSED SHEI noback lowercase ⳉ 16 # SMALL LETTER AKHMIMIC KHEI noback lowercase ⳳ 16 # SMALL LETTER BOHAIRIC KHEI # Coptic Letters (Dialect-P) noback uppercase Ⲹ 13 # CAPITAL LETTER DIALECT-P KAPA noback uppercase Ⲻ 1345 # CAPITAL LETTER DIALECT-P NI noback uppercase Ⳋ 125 # CAPITAL LETTER DIALECT-P HORI noback lowercase ⲹ 13 # SMALL LETTER DIALECT-P KAPA noback lowercase ⲻ 1345 # SMALL LETTER DIALECT-P NI noback lowercase ⳋ 125 # SMALL LETTER DIALECT-P HORI # Coptic Letters (Cryptogrammic Variants) noback uppercase Ⲷ 15 # CAPITAL LETTER CRYPTOGRAMMIC EIE noback uppercase Ⲽ 1345 # CAPITAL LETTER CRYPTOGRAMMIC NI noback uppercase Ⳬ 146 # CAPITAL LETTER CRYPTOGRAMMIC SHEI noback uppercase Ⳮ 245 # CAPITAL LETTER CRYPTOGRAMMIC GANGIA noback lowercase ⲷ 15 # SMALL LETTER CRYPTOGRAMMIC EIE noback lowercase ⲽ 1345 # SMALL LETTER CRYPTOGRAMMIC NI noback lowercase ⳬ 146 # SMALL LETTER CRYPTOGRAMMIC SHEI noback lowercase ⳮ 245 # SMALL LETTER CRYPTOGRAMMIC GANGIA # Coptic Letters (Old Coptic Variants) noback uppercase Ⲿ 2456 # CAPITAL LETTER OLD COPTIC OOU noback uppercase Ⳅ 146 # CAPITAL LETTER OLD COPTIC SHEI noback uppercase Ⳍ 125 # CAPITAL LETTER OLD COPTIC HORI noback uppercase Ⳗ 245 # CAPITAL LETTER OLD COPTIC GANGIA noback uppercase Ⳛ 126 # CAPITAL LETTER OLD COPTIC SHIMA noback lowercase ⳗ 245 # SMALL LETTER OLD COPTIC GANGIA noback lowercase ⳛ 126 # SMALL LETTER OLD COPTIC SHIMA noback lowercase ⲿ 2456 # SMALL LETTER OLD COPTIC OOU noback lowercase ⳅ 146 # SMALL LETTER OLD COPTIC SHEI noback lowercase ⳍ 125 # SMALL LETTER OLD COPTIC HORI # Coptic Symbols sign \x2CEF 1345 # COMBINING NI ABOVE ( ⳯) always ⳥ 2-134 # SYMBOL MI RO always ⳦ 2-1234 # SYMBOL PI RO always ⳧ 5-235 # SYMBOL STAUROS always ⳩ 2-12346 # SYMBOL KHI RO always ⳨ 2-2345 # SYMBOL TAU RO always ⳤ 4-12346 # SYMBOL KAI # Coptic Punctuation noback punctuation ⳻ 236 # OLD NUBIAN INDIRECT QUESTION MARK noback punctuation ⳺ 236 # OLD NUBIAN DIRECT QUESTION MARK noback punctuation ⳾ 256 # COPTIC FULL STOP noback punctuation ⳹ 256 # OLD NUBIAN FULL STOP noback punctuation ⳼ 256 # OLD NUBIAN VERSE DIVIDER # Diacritics sign \x0304 2 # COMBINING MACRON ̄ sign \x0305 2 # COMBINING OVERLINE ̅ sign \xFE26 2 # COMBINING CONJOINING MACRON noback correct [$l]"̄" *"̅" # Capitalization and Digits capsletter 6 begcapsword 6-6 endcapsword 56 numsign 3456 nonumsign 56 # Latin letters & numerals include litdigits6Dots.uti include latinLetterDef6Dots.uti include en-ueb-chardefs.uti # Coptic Characters with no current mapping # uppercase Ⳑ # CAPITAL LETTER L-SHAPED HA # lowercase ⳑ # SMALL LETTER L-SHAPED HA # uppercase Ⲳ # CAPITAL LETTER DIALECT-P ALEF # lowercase ⲳ # SMALL LETTER DIALECT-P ALEF # uppercase Ⳇ # CAPITAL LETTER OLD COPTIC ESH # uppercase Ⳏ # CAPITAL LETTER OLD COPTIC HA # uppercase Ⳓ # CAPITAL LETTER OLD COPTIC HEI # uppercase Ⳕ # CAPITAL LETTER OLD COPTIC HAT # uppercase Ⳙ # CAPITAL LETTER OLD COPTIC DJA # uppercase Ⲵ # CAPITAL LETTER OLD COPTIC AIN # lowercase ⳓ # SMALL LETTER OLD COPTIC HEI # lowercase ⳕ # SMALL LETTER OLD COPTIC HAT # lowercase ⳙ # SMALL LETTER OLD COPTIC DJA # lowercase ⲵ # SMALL LETTER OLD COPTIC AIN # lowercase ⳏ # SMALL LETTER OLD COPTIC HA # lowercase ⳇ # SMALL LETTER OLD COPTIC ESH # uppercase 126 Ⳝ # CAPITAL LETTER OLD NUBIAN SHIMA # uppercase Ⳟ # CAPITAL LETTER OLD NUBIAN NGI # uppercase Ⳡ # CAPITAL LETTER OLD NUBIAN NYI # uppercase Ⳣ # CAPITAL LETTER OLD NUBIAN WAU # lowercase ⳝ 126 # SMALL LETTER OLD NUBIAN SHIMA # lowercase ⳟ # SMALL LETTER OLD NUBIAN NGI # lowercase ⳡ # SMALL LETTER OLD NUBIAN NYI # lowercase ⳣ # SMALL LETTER OLD NUBIAN WAU # sign \x2CF0 # COMBINING SPIRITUS ASPER # sign \x2CF1 # COMBINING SPIRITUS LENIS # ---------- end of table